Swollen Ankles


Swollen ankles, medically referred to as ankle edema, involve an accumulation of fluid in the tissues surrounding the ankles. This condition can result from a variety of factors, ranging from benign to potentially serious causes. Swollen ankles can affect one or both feet and can be accompanied by other symptoms depending on the underlying cause.

Treatment Options

  • Elevation: Raising the legs above the level of the heart can help reduce swelling. This is particularly effective when combined with rest.
  • Exercise: Regular movement promotes blood circulation and can help in managing swelling.
  • Compression stockings: This improves blood flow, reduces swelling, and improves symptoms. Compression increases the external pressure, assisting the veins in pushing blood back up to the heart.
  • Medications: Depending on the cause, diuretics (water pills) may be required to eliminate excess fluid. However, always consult your primary care physician before starting any medication.
  • Dietary Changes: Reducing salt intake can help decrease fluid retention.
  • Massage: Gentle massage can help move fluid away from the swollen area.
  • Treatment of Underlying Condition: If the swelling is due to an underlying medical condition, treating that condition is essential.

Symptoms

  • Visible puffiness or enlargement around the ankles.
  • Tight or shiny skin over the ankles.
  • Pain or discomfort in the swollen region.
  • Indentation marks: When pressed, the swollen area might retain an indentation for a few seconds.
  • Stiffness or limited movement of the ankle joint.
  • Additional swelling in nearby areas, such as feet or legs.

Causes

  • Gravity: Standing or walking for long periods can cause fluid to pool in the ankles.
  • Injury or trauma: Sprains, strains, or fractures can lead to localized swelling.
  • Medications: Some medications, like certain antihypertensives, steroids, and NSAIDs, can cause ankle swelling as a side effect.
  • Pregnancy: It’s common for pregnant women to experience swollen ankles due to increased body fluid and pressure on the veins from the growing uterus.
  • Diseases: Conditions like congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, or liver disease can lead to fluid accumulation in the ankles.
  • Venous Insufficiency: Poor return of blood from the legs to the heart can cause fluid to pool in the ankles.
  • Infections: Infections in the ankle or foot can cause localized swelling.
  • Blood Clots: Clots in the leg veins can block blood flow, leading to swelling.

Always consult a medical professional for a definitive diagnosis and tailored treatment plan.

Book a Complimentary Consultation

  • This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.

Anwar Mack, MD

Double Board Certified Physician